Gun and projectile therefor.



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, J. H..BR0WN.

GUN AND PROJBGTILB THEREPOR.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 10, 1906.

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JOHN H. BROWN, OF JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY.

GUN AND PROJECTILE THEREFOR.

No. 895,154. r

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented Aug. 4, 11908.

. t Application filed January 10, 1906. Serial No. 295,356.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, JOHNH. BROWN, a citizen of the United States, 'andresident of Jersey Oitv, in the county of Hudson and State of New Jersey, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Guns and Projectiles Therefor, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates tol an improvementl in guns and projectiles 4therefor and articularly to guns where the rojectile is inserted into the barrel through t 'le powder chamber, the. object being to provide effective means forlprcventing theescape of gases past thel gas check or a soft metal ring on the projectile' vduring the through the .barrel in firing.

The recent experiments have emphasized on the interior of the boreof high power guns is due to the escape ofthe gases from the explothe fact that the disastrous scoring or erosion.

passage Aoi" the projectile sive chargepast the heel of the projectile and.

more particularly to the escape of suchv gases during the initial movement of the projectile after the explosive charge is fired.

To overcome this escape of the gas,'I providel means forthe advance of the projectile to a limited extent before it is retarded bv the engagement of its softmetal rings with the rifle grooves of the barrel and utilize this vcomparatively free advance movement to compress the. gasjcheck tightly around the projectile ator near the heel thereof so that when the )roj'ectile reaches a point where its soft metal rings engage the rifle grooves it will have an effective gas check surrounding it at or near its heel and, furthermore, it will strike the rifie grooves under more or less momentum and hence there will be less retarding effect during its early movement and hence loss tendency for the gas to escape past the gas check.

In'the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is view in section through the barrel of a gun in the projectile therein in side elevation, Fig. 2 is a .partial section through the gun and through thc soft metal ring, gas check and locking ring at the heel of the projectile, and Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. l `showing a modified structure.

proximitv to the powder chamber showingl Referring to Figs. 1 and 2,' the barrel-ofthe gun is denoted by 1, its powder `chamber by and the rnle bore by The. body ot the projectile 1s denoted by 4 and it is provided at its heel end with a soft metal or other suitable ring 5 for entering the grooves 1n the rifie portion of the barrel to impart a rotary motion to theprojectile. The projectile 1s further provided preferably in juxtaposltlon to the ring 5 with a gascheck of some sultable compressible mateiilir'i the form of an annular ring for example of what is known 1n the art as vegetable fiber, and to the rear of this a locking riii'rrisscrewel the proj ectlle to lioldthe ring 5 antigas check G in position. The rifle portion 3 o f'the barrel terminates, as clearly.- shown in Fig. 2, a greater or lesser distance in advance of the front edge of the ring 5 and from'that point to the owder chamber 2, the interior of the barrel as a smooth bore, vthe said smooth onto tlielieel'of bore section being indicated b v SQ 'lhc gas check 6 is normally of greater diameter than the smooth bore portion 8 of the barrel s o that when the projectile is forced mto position, as, for example, by hand, and pushed toward the muzzle with lall the manual pressure that can well be given it, it will tend to compress the advance edge of the gas check' and this willJ byv its f/rictional contact with the interior of the bore, arrest the project-11e with the front edge of the ring a greater or lesser distance backfrom the beginning of Vthe rifie portion 3 of the barrel. l

If preferred, the gas check may be constructed with its forward edge somewhat thinner than the rear edge, 'giving it a slight taper and so assisting it to enter the smooth bore portion of the barrel under manual pressure.

When the explosive charge within the chamber 2 is fired, the first effect will be to force the projectile forward until the ring 5 engages the rifle'portionof the barrel and this advance movement of the projectile will be comparatively easy because there will be no retarding effect due to the forcing of the metal ring 5 into the grooves of the barrel and this free forwardmovement. of the .projectile will, at the same time, compress' the gas check 6 so as to effcctually shut out the escapo o gases past it when the ring '5 finally does engage. the grooves in the barrel. Furthermore, the projectile having advanced freely for a short distance, will cause the ring 5 to strike the rile'grooves under momentum and. hence the retarding effect will he less abrupt. andthe continued pressure of theexplosive charge thoroughl i com ressed gas check ring Will force the projecti e forward without escaping past it and lience without damaging the interior of the barrel by scoring or erosion. 4

.y Where the ring 5 is located in its referred form, as shown in Fig.'2, the forwar portion ofthe rojectile atv the base of the conical forward) end, for exam le, at 9,- is made somey' what larger than the ody so as to prevent l0 the forward end of the projectile from Wabbling during its passage through the barrel.

vIn the form shown in Fig. 3, the ring 5 for engaging the riile grooves is located at the forward portion of the .projectile near the hase oftheA tapered forward end and the rie grooves are stopped at the'point l0 a i' short distancekin advance ofthe forward edge o f thering 5 so as to permit the free initial .movement of the projectile to compress the 2.0i.-

gas check ring 6 at the heel of the projectile.

`The modification shown in Fig. 3, therefore consists simply in spacing the ring 5 from the gas check 6 and increasing the length of the smooth bore ortion of the barrel adjacent to the powder c amber.

What I claim is j l The combination with a gun barrel provided with a powder chamber, a rifle portion and a smooth bore ortion intermediate ofthe riie portion and t e powder chamber, of a projectile provided with a metal ring for` engaging the rifle grooves, the said ring being located Within the smooth bore portion ofthe barrel and spaced from the riie portion of the barrel when the projectile is in position for ring, the said projectile being further provided with a gas check of compressible material of greater normal diameter than the did ameter of the smooth bore portion of the barrel and -so located at the heell of the projectile as to be compressed by the initial movement of the projectile. j

In testimony, that I claim the foregoing as my invention, l have signed my name 1n presence 0f two witnesses7 this ninth day of anuary 1906. Y

a r JOHN H. BROWN'.

Witnesses:

. FREDK. HAYNES, i HENRY THIEME. 

